Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation alleviates depression-like behavior by rebalancing septohippocampal cholinergic-microglial signaling.

Dysregulated interactions between stress-sensitive neural circuits and immune signaling contribute to depression. We investigated whether the septohippocampal cholinergic pathway mediates the behavioral and neuroimmune effects of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS). Male mice we